Natural Attenuation

Natural attenuation employs natural processes to contain the spread of contamination and reduce the concentration, toxicity and quantity of contaminants present at a site. Natural attenuation is an in situ treatment method frequently used as one part of a site cleanup that also includes the control or removal of the source of contamination. Natural attenuation involves monitoring biological, chemical and physical degradation processes in soil and groundwater and can be classed as destructive or non destructive.

Destructive natural attenuation degrades the contaminant, while non-destructive natural attenuation initiates a reduction in contaminant concentrations through processes such as dispersion, dilution, and volatilisation. Contaminants can also be adsorbed to soil particles consequently preventing contaminants from migrating from the source of contamination. In situ monitoring can enable the rate of attenuation and the migration of a contaminant to be predicted with confidence, with long term monitoring ensuring the attenuation process is continuing effectively in order to achieve remediation objectives.

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